(i) Policy-making is a core function performed by managers at the ________________ level of management.

(ii) F.W. Taylor is widely recognized as the Father of ________________ Management.

(iii) The New Economic Policy (NEP) was formally announced in India in the year ________________.

(iv) The final and concluding step in the planning process is ________________.

(v) The three main elements of Delegation are Authority, Responsibility, and ________________.

(vi) Recruitment is a ________________ process of staffing that aims at attracting candidates to apply for jobs.

(i) Management is a pure science exactly like physics or chemistry.

(ii) Henri Fayol propounded a total of 14 foundational principles of management.

(iii) Business environment is completely static and free from any unexpected fluctuations.

(iv) Planning eliminates future uncertainties and business risks completely.

(v) An informal organization is deliberately created by managers under pre-determined rules.

(vi) Selection is considered a negative process of staffing because it involves rejecting several applicants.

(i) At which level of management do supervisors, foremen, and first-line managers operate?
(ii) Name the principle of Fayol which states that an employee should receive orders from one superior officer only.
(iii) What is meant by Liberalisation?
(iv) Which type of plan serves as a comprehensive master blueprint designed to tackle a specific broad problem?
(v) In which organizational structure is the entire enterprise divided into separate departments based on the major products manufactured?
(vi) What type of source of recruitment is an Employment Exchange—Internal or External?
(vii) Name the structured process intended to enhance the skills and capabilities of employees for a specific task.

Short Answer Type-I Questions (Q6 to Q12, carrying 2 marks each)

Q6. Management is a Profession. Give any two arguments in support of this statement.
OR
State any two social objectives of management.

Q7. Explain the principle of ‘Division of Work’ propounded by Henri Fayol.
OR
Differentiate between ‘Time Study’ and ‘Motion Study’ under scientific management.

Q8. Write any two prominent features of the Business Environment.
OR
What is meant by Privatisation? Explain briefly.

Q9. Mention any two major limitations or shortcomings of Planning.
OR
How is the ‘evaluation of alternatives’ carried out in the planning process?

Q10. Write any two main advantages of a Formal Organisation.
OR
What is the significance of ‘Assignment of Duties’ in the process of organizing?

Q11. State any two reasons why Staffing is considered an important function of management.
OR
Write any two advantages of utilizing Internal Sources of Recruitment.

Q12. State any two characteristics of management as an Art.
OR
Why is the nature of management principles considered ‘Flexible’? Explain.

Q13. What was the impact of Globalisation on Indian industries? State any two points.
OR
Explain the meaning of the Legal Dimension of the business environment.

Q14. Differentiate between a ‘Policy’ and a ‘Rule’ as types of plans (Any two points).
OR
Distinguish between a Single-use Plan and a Standing Plan.

Q15. Differentiate between Delegation of Authority and Decentralisation (Any two points).
OR
Differentiate between Training and Development based on any two parameters.

Short Answer Type-II Questions (Q16 to Q19, carrying 3 marks each)

Q16. What are the three main levels of management? State any three main functions of Middle-Level Management.
OR
“Coordination is the essence of management, not a separate function.” Explain this statement with three arguments.

Q17. Explain the following management principles propounded by Henri Fayol:
(a) Principle of Discipline
(b) Scalar Chain
(c) Principle of Order
OR
Briefly explain the concept of ‘Functional Foremanship’ introduced by F.W. Taylor with a structural layout.

Q18. Describe in detail the first three steps involved in the Planning Process (Setting objectives, developing premises, etc.).
OR
Explain the concepts of a ‘Programme’, ‘Budget’, and ‘Method’ as elements of planning.

Q19. Explain the first three stages of the Selection Process (Preliminary screening, selection tests, employment interview) under staffing.
OR
Describe any three common External Sources of Recruitment (e.g., Campus recruitment, Direct recruitment, Advertisement).

Long Answer Questions (Q20 to Q23, carrying 4 marks each)

Q20. Define Management. Describe any four prominent features of management in detail.
OR
Explain the significance or need for principles of management under any four main headings.

Q21. Why is it essential for a manager to thoroughly study the business environment? Analyze any four benefits in detail.
OR
Explain in detail the following Macro dimensions of business environment:
(a) Economic Environment
(b) Social Environment
(c) Political Environment

Q22. Comprehensively compare the differences between Functional Structure and Divisional Structure of an organization based on any four distinct grounds.
OR
What is meant by Delegation of Authority? Discuss any four points highlighting its importance in smooth organizational functioning.

Q23. Describe any two major Off-the-job Training methods (e.g., Vestibule training, Case studies, Film modeling) utilized for employees in an organization.
OR
Critically review any four advantages and limitations of adopting External Sources of Recruitment from an organizational perspective.

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